Wednesday, January 20, 2010
Wind energy could generate 20 percent of the electricity needed by households and businesses in the eastern half of the United States by 2024, but it would require up to $90 billion in investment, according to a government report released on Wednesday.
For the 20 percent wind scenario to work, billions must be spent on installing wind towers on land and sea and about 22,000 miles of new high-tech power lines to carry the electricity to cities, according to the study from the Energy Department's National Renewable Energy Laboratory.
"Twenty percent wind is an ambitious goal," said David Corbus, the project manager for the study. "We can bring more wind power online, but if we don't have the proper infrastructure to move that power around, it's like buying a hybrid car and leaving it in the garage,"
The private sector cannot fund all the needed spending, so a big chunk would have to come from the federal government through programs such as loan guarantees, Corbus said.
Read rest of Reuters report
Summary of the study
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This partial map of the United States shows the study regions of the Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study, which include Midwest Independent Transmission System Operator (MISO) and Mid-Atlantic Power Pathway (MAPP), Southwest Power Pool (SPP), Entergy, Tennessee Valley Authority, SERC Reliability Corporation (SERC), PJM Interconnection (PJM ISO), New York Independent System Operator (NYISO), ISO New England (ISONE). View a larger version of the map.
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The Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study (EWITS) is one of the largest regional wind integration studies to date. It was initiated in 2008 to examine the operational impact of up to 20-30% energy penetration of wind on the power system in the Eastern Interconnect of the United States (see study area map). This study was set up to answer questions that utilities, regional transmission operators, and planning organizations had about wind energy and transmission development in the east.
Previous studies focusing on specific states or utilities have laid the groundwork for wind integration studies (e.g., New York, 2005, and Minnesota, 2006). The Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study approach allows additional questions to be answered, including:
- How do local wind resources compare with higher capacity-factor wind power that requires more transmission?
- How does geographic diversity of wind reduce wind integration costs (i.e., spreading the wind power over a larger region and thereby "smoothing" out some of the variability)?
- How does offshore wind power compare with onshore wind power?
- What transmission is needed to facilitate higher penetrations of wind power?
- What is the role and value of wind forecasting?
- How are wind integration costs spread over large market footprints and regions?
- What additional operating reserves are needed for large wind power deployments?
Eastern Wind Dataset
A primary task of the Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study is to develop a dataset of three years of modeled time-series wind speed and power output that can be used to evaluate the power system impacts and transmission associated with increasing wind penetration to 20% and 30% on most of the eastern interconnect.
The Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study is sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) with project coordination by NREL. The wind integration and transmission analysis is being lead by Enernex, with support from Ventyx and the Midwest Independent System Operator (MISO). Wind inputs for the Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study were developed by AWS Truewind. This study and its partner study, the Western Wind and Solar Integration Study, are conducting an operating impact analysis to see if 20-30% wind energy is feasible from an operational level.
Eastern Wind Integration and Transmission Study: Executive Summary and Project Overview (PDF 1.7 MB). (January 2010).
Original release from NREL